Geography Blog

  During his lifetime, Shivaji participated in both alliances and hostilities with the Mughal Empire, the Sultanate of Golkonda, the Sultanate of Bijapur, and the European colonial power. Shivaji’s forces expanded the sphere of influence of  Maratha , captured and built fortresses, and formed the Maratha navy. Shivaji has developed a competent and progressive public law with well-structured management organizations. He revived ancient  Hindu   political  traditions, court hearings, and promoted the use of Marathi and Sanskrit languages, replacing Persian in court and administration.

 Climate change may be a natural process in which temperature, rainfall, wind, and other elements vary from decades to years or more. For millions of years, our earth has been warmer and cooler than it is now. But today we are facing unprecedented heat from human activities, largely due to the burning of fossil fuels that produce greenhouse gases. The increase in emissions from human activities acts as a blanket covering the earth, trapping the sun's heat and raising the temperature.

  The most common answer to the question, "Why was Africa called the Black Continent ?" that Europe did not know much about Africa until the 19th century. But that answer is misleading and deceptive. Europeans knew a lot about Africa for at least 2,000 years, but European leaders deliberately turned to previous sources of information to justify colonialism and fight Blackness. At the same time, the anti-slavery campaign and the missionary work of the fathers in Africa strengthened Europe's racist views against Africans in the 1800's. Whites called Africa a black continent because they wanted to legitimize black slavery and the exploitation of African resources. It is true that by the 19th century, Europeans had little knowledge of Africa beyond the coast, but their maps were already full of continental details. African power has been trading in the Middle East and Asia for more than two thousand years. Initially, Europeans drew maps and reports created by ancient m